Kaja Kallas urged the EU to boost defence spending to prepare for potential threats and reduce reliance on the US.
Russia’s Spending Outpaces EU Defence Efforts
In 2024, EU member states spent an average of 1.9% of GDP on defence, while Russia spent 9%.
Kallas highlighted Russia’s ability to outpace the EU in weapon and ammunition production, creating a growing security gap.
“Russia could test the EU’s readiness within three to five years,” Kallas warned during the European Defence Agency conference.
The EU requires €500 billion over the next decade for competitive defence capabilities but has earmarked only €13 billion for 2021–2027.
Unified European Armies, Not a European Army
Kallas dismissed the need for a single European army, instead advocating for 27 interoperable armies working together effectively.
France’s President Emmanuel Macron echoed Kallas’ call, urging Europe to reduce dependence on US military support.
“What if the US withdraws its warships or shifts its fighter jets to the Pacific?” Macron asked French military personnel.
Lithuania plans to increase defence spending to 5–6% of GDP by 2026, while Italy and Spain lag behind NATO’s 2% target.
Investments in Defence Industry and Common Goals
Kallas emphasized the importance of member state contributions, private investment, and a larger EU budget allocation for defence.
European Defence Commissioner Andrius Kubilius called for a unified strategy, interoperable weapon systems, and aggregated demand for defence production.
Kubilius stressed initiatives like an air defence shield, a cyber shield, and better coordination on Europe’s northern and eastern borders.
Mark Rutte, NATO’s head, urged European citizens to accept sacrifices, including cuts to pensions and health spending, to fund security.
Kallas concluded, “Europe must do more for its own defence to share responsibility for its security with the US.”